Differing Aspects of ASOS and ADS-B Meteorological Data
ASOS (Automated Surface Observing System) weather reports provide the most up-to-date weather information available, with updates every minute, making them a valuable resource for pilots. This continuous data collection and broadcast offers a live, on-the-spot METAR update with the latest conditions[1][3].
Unlike ASOS, METAR reports are formally released hourly, usually at ~HH:55[2]. They are generated from ASOS/AWOS (Automated Weather Observing System) data[2]. ASOS stations check their sensors every 60 seconds and encode the data into a METAR[4]. ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) transmits the latest METAR from the chosen airport, but it is issued once per hour, making it old data[1].
The reception range for ASOS weather reports is limited to about 50 miles due to VHF line-of-sight constraints[1]. However, this range can vary depending on terrain. In mountainous areas, ASOS coverage may be more limited, but in open terrain, it can sometimes extend beyond 50 miles[1][5].
ADS-B weather is useful for monitoring weather trends during enroute flights, but it is up to an hour old[6]. Therefore, when approaching the destination, it is recommended to listen to ASOS for the most current weather information[7].
ASOS and AWOS have made an impact on flying, allowing for weather reports and forecasts on flight displays and tablets during flight[8]. Combining ADS-B weather enroute with ASOS at the destination provides the best overall weather picture from takeoff to landing[9].
Sources: 1. ASOS Weather 2. METAR 3. ASOS vs. METAR 4. ASOS Operation Manual 5. ASOS Coverage 6. ADS-B Weather 7. Pilot's Guide to ASOS and METAR 8. ASOS and AWOS 9. Combining ADS-B and ASOS
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