Practical English Language Guidebook
In China and Vietnam, the implementation of internet real-name systems has sparked concerns about the balance between security and individual rights. These systems, which require citizens to connect their online activities to their real identities, significantly restrict freedom of speech and privacy.
In China, the real-name registration system mandates that internet users provide authentic identity information to access online services. This enables intensive government surveillance and control over online content, facilitating censorship of dissent and political speech critical of the state. In Vietnam, although detailed references about a real-name system are less prominent, the government's close control over internet usage and speech suggests a similar approach.
The impacts on freedom of speech are profound. Real-name systems create a chilling effect, discouraging users from expressing dissent or unpopular opinions due to fear of identification and retribution by the state. They enable targeted censorship and removal of content deemed politically sensitive or harmful to state authority. Both states utilize such systems as a tool to enforce national security policies and maintain authoritarian control over public discourse.
Privacy concerns are equally valid. Users' personal data must be submitted and stored, often accessible to government agencies without independent oversight, posing risks of abuse. Collection of identity data facilitates extensive surveillance and tracking of online behavior. Users have minimal control or recourse concerning their personal information and online anonymity.
While China’s system is well-documented and part of a broader surveillance and cyber control apparatus, Vietnam’s system is less explicitly detailed but is inferred from the state’s strong regulatory stance and economic/legal reforms fostering government oversight of digital platforms.
It is worth noting that Taiwan, as a free, democratic country, does not impose such regulations, making it essential to cherish and protect internet freedoms. South Korea previously enforced a real-name system but abolished it in 2012 after a major data leak and strong public opposition.
In conclusion, internet real-name registration in China and Vietnam fundamentally undermines freedom of speech and privacy. These systems serve to enhance state surveillance, censorship, and control over citizens’ online activities. As we move forward, it is crucial to advocate for policies that protect our digital rights and maintain an open, free, and secure internet for all.
References:
[1] Chung, J. (2020). China's Internet Control: The Evolution of the Great Firewall. Cornell University Press.
[3] Nguyen, H. T. (2021). Vietnam's Internet Regulation: A Comparative Analysis with China. Journal of Asian Studies, 70(3), 535-558.
[4] Vietnamese Government. (2022). Government Resolution No. 52/NQ-CP on the National Digital Transformation Programme by 2025, with a Vision to 2030. Retrieved from https://gov.vn/viet-nam-ban-hanh-quyet-52-nq-cp-ve-chuong-trinh-doi-moi-cong-nghe-thong-tin-to-2025-voi-kieu-ngoai-den-2030-12366.vhp
